Reflux and Reflux Ratio
Reflux is the ratio between the amounts of material that returned to the distillation column…
Vacuum distillation is a key part of the petroleum refining process
Source: Reproduced with permission from Valero Energy Corporation. About 80% of the refineries operating in the…
Crude oil desalting
Removing salts and solids from crude oil is critical to refinery production efficiency. This put…
What does this signal for crude oil?
Very clearly, it suggests an up-move in the price of crude oil. The United States…
Inverted Yield Curve
On 14th Aug 2019, the 10 -year US Treasury bond yield fell below the yield…
TBP, ASTM, and EFV Compared
The TBP, ASTM, and EFV distillation methods achieve different levels of separation for a given…
Equilibrium Flash Vaporization (EFV)
Equilibrium flash vaporization involves heating a flowing feed and the separation of the liquid and…
TBP/ASTM distillation curves
The most important characterization properties of the crude/intermediate/product streams are the TBP/ASTM distillation curves. Both…