Palynology deals with plant spores and pollen that are both ancient and modern and is…

The geologic time scale is based principally on the relative ages of sequences of sedimentary…

One of the major objectives of geology is to establish the history of the Earth…

Glacial geology can be regarded as a branch of geomorphology, though it is such a…

Geomorphology is literally the study of the form or shape of the Earth, but it…

Volcanology is the science of volcanoes and deals with their structure, petrology, and origin. It…

The subject of tectonics is concerned with the Earth’s large-scale structural features. It forms a…

Structural geology deals with the geometric relationships of rocks and geologic features in general. The…

Geophysics pertains to studies of the Earth that involve the methods and principles of physics.…

Geophysics is the application of physics to study the Earth, oceans, atmosphere and near-Earth space.…