Production wells are free flowing or lifted. A free-flowing oil well has enough downhole pressure…

Subsea Wells are essentially the same as dry completion wells. Mechanically, however, they are placed…

Wellheads can involve dry or subsea completion. Dry completion means that the well is onshore…

When 3D seismic investigation has been completed, it is time to drill the well. Normally,…

The oil and gas bearing structure is typically porous rock, such as sandstone or washed…

Crude oil Crude oil is a complex mixture consisting of 200 or more different organic…

Natural gas that is mainly methane cannot be compressed to liquid state at normal ambient…

Pipelines can measure anywhere from 6 to 48 inches (15-120 cm) in diameter. In order…

Gas processing consists of separating the various hydrocarbons and fluids from the pure natural gas…

We will go through each section in detail in the following chapters. The summary below…