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Single Crystals
A crystal is a solid regular lattice of atoms, ions or molecules, formed by replicating…
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CRYSTALLIZATION
Crystallization is the process of forming solid material from a liquid solution or melt, where the…
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Internal Reflux Evaporation
The tray temperatures in our preflash tower, shown in Fig. 6.4, drop as the gas…
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Using a Tray Dryer to Investigate Convective and Conductive Heat Transfer
PRINCIPLES Tray dryers are one type of batch dryer, which also include fluidized-bed dryers, freeze…
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Cooling Tower
When a component is transferred from a gas phase to solution in a liquid phase,…
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Mass Transfer Distillation
Distillation is an operation in which the constituents of a liquid mixture are separated using thermal energy. The…
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Absorption and Stripping
In absorption (also called gas absorption, gas scrubbing, or gas washing), there is a transfer…
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Filtration Process in the Petroleum Industry
Be it any industry, the process of filtration is an essential prerequisite. The same goes…
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THICKENERS
Thickening is a process where a slurry or solid-liquid mixture is separated to a dense…
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Design and Optimization of Separators
Once oil and gas are brought to the surface, our main goal becomes that of…